A Concept of Philosophy in the Qur'anic Context

Abstract

One of the most debated subjects in philosophy is the nature and
subject matter of philosophy itself. It is pethaps the only discipline that
critically discusses its own natum. This is one msan that has led philosophers,
particularly after the nineteenth century, to distinguish philosophy
from such other experimental sciences as physics, biology, or astronomy.
When we add to this the nature of subjects discussed in philosophy, as
opposed to the issues discussed in those sciences, the sharp distinction
between the two becomes decisively clear.
It is our aim to investigate critically the nature of philosophical subjects,
which constitub basically the method of philosophy, in order to
arrive at a concept of philosophy that is acceptable to the Qur'anic perspective,
which can be taken, as we shall see, as a contribution toward
the effort of Islamization. Our discussion requim the development of a
clear conception of the term "philosophy." If we am to develop an Islamic
concept of philosophy, then we are required in the first instance to
clarify what we mean by philosophy. We feel compelled to do this, because
in the history of human thought thew am more than a score of
conceptions about the nature, purpose, and subject matter of philosophy.
However, settling this problem alone does not fulfill the task of our paper.
We must, moreover, show what the role of philosophy may be in this
society (in general) so that we can delineate mow effectively its significance
in a Muslim community (in particular). Finally, we must try to
justify our arguments from the Qur'anic perspective in order to defend
the conception of philosophy that is to be developed hew as an adequate
one.
The discussion, then, will be divided into three main sections. The
first section will be devoted to "what philosophy is." In the second, we
shall elucidate what we shall tern the "Qur'anic conception of or attitude ...